Protocols, protocols, and more protocols
A protocol is simply an agreement on how a process will work. Networking protocols describe how network devices or hosts communicate over a network. Because of the many types of communications that can be conducted over a network, there are many protocols to target the numerous specialized requirements placed on networks. Several protocols have been introduced already in this chapter.
Internet Protocol version 4
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is a Layer 3 protocol that performs addressing and routing. Its basic functionality was described in an earlier section in this chapter on the OSI Model. The address space that is available for the 32 binary bits that make up an IPv4 address is commonly written in ...
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