8 Complexity Ideas in Leadership and Organizational Change

DOI: 10.4324/9781003042501-10

Leadership

Complexity research demonstrates that economic and organizational relations are fundamentally uncertain (Arthur, 2014). Unforeseen crises, surprises, and collapse of organizations may emerge and drastically change any plan or structure within short time spans, even if the actors sustain the hierarchies and formal structures (Johannessen, 2018). Such macro results are not generated from underlying linear causes. Non-linearity is a necessary precaution for complexity – an unavoidable aspect of organizations. Interactions among people, technologies, and other types of resources lead to complex behaviour, which demands coordination between ...

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