CompTIA Linux / LPIC-1 Cert Guide: (Exams LX0-103 & LX0-104/101-400 & 102-400)

CompTIA Linux / LPIC-1 Cert Guide: (Exams LX0-103 & LX0-104/101-400 & 102-400)

by Ross Brunson, Sean Walberg
Released December 2015
Publisher(s): Pearson IT Certification
ISBN: 9780134085777

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Book description

The LPIC-1 Authorized Cert Guide has a single goal: to help you pass the new version of the Linux Professional Institute LPIC-1 exams. The most comprehensive and time-efficient LPIC-1 study guide available, it's an extraordinarily cost-effective alternative to expensive training: a perfect resource for all LPIC-1 candidates. Authored by a leading LPI insider and long-time Linux trainer, it presents focused, straight-to-the-point coverage of all LPIC-1 exam topics, including:

  • System Architecture
  • Linux Installation and Package Management
  • GNU and Unix Commands
  • Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
  • Shells, Scripting and Data Management
  • User Interfaces and Desktops
  • Administrative Tasks
  • Essential System Services
  • Networking Fundamentals
  • Security

From start to finish, it's organized to help you focus your study time where you need the most help, so you can retain more, and earn higher scores:

  • Pre-chapter "Do I Know This Already" (DIKTA) quizzes help you assess your knowledge of each chapter's content, and decide how much time to spend on each section
  • Foundation Topics sections thoroughly explain concepts and theory, and link them to real-world configurations and commands
  • Key Topics icons flag every figure, table, or list you absolutely must understand and remember
  • Chapter-ending Exam Preparation sections deliver even more exercises and troubleshooting scenarios
  • Two full sample exams offer realistic practice delivered through Pearson's state-of-the-art PCPT test engine

Table of contents

  1. About This E-Book
  2. Cover Page
  3. Title Page
  4. Copyright
  5. Contents at a Glance
  6. Contents
  7. About the Authors
  8. About the Contributing Author
  9. About the Technical Reviewer
  10. Dedications
  11. Acknowledgments
  12. We Want to Hear from You!
  13. Reader Services
  14. Introduction
  15. Chapter 1 Installing Linux
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Understanding Your Hardware
      1. Peripheral Compatibility
      2. Enumerating Your Peripherals
      3. The Proc Filesystem
        1. Friends of procfs
        2. Dealing with Integrated Peripherals
    3. Laying Out the Hard Drive
      1. Partitions and Devices
      2. The Root Filesystem
      3. Logical Volume Manager (LVM)
      4. Commonly Used Mounts
      5. Swap Files
    4. Working with Boot Managers
      1. GRUB Legacy
      2. GRUB2
        1. Installing GRUB2
        2. Using the GRUB2 Command Line
        3. Configuring GRUB2
    5. Summary
    6. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  16. Chapter 2 Boot Process and Runlevels
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. The Linux Boot Process
      1. What Is the Boot Process?
      2. Boot Loaders
      3. Common Commands at Boot Time
    3. Boot Sequence from BIOS to Fully Running System
      1. SysVinit
    4. systemd
      1. Units in systemd
      2. systemd Targets and Runlevels
      3. Wants and Requires
    5. Booting with systemd
      1. Upstart
        1. Managing System Runlevels
        2. Determining the Default Runlevel
      2. Setting the Default Runlevels
      3. Changing Runlevels
    6. Shut Down and Reboot from the Command Line
      1. Alerting Users
    7. Properly Terminating Processes
      1. kill and killall
      2. Reloading or “Hanging Up” Processes
    8. Logging Boot Events
    9. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  17. Chapter 3 Package Install and Management
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Software in a Linux System
      1. Shared Libraries
      2. Working with Shared Libraries
      3. Determining Required Libraries
        1. Looking for Libraries in Other Places
    3. Debian Package Management
      1. Managing Local Debian Packages
        1. Installing Packages with dpkg
        2. Removing Packages
        3. Dependency Issues
        4. Querying Packages
        5. Reconfiguring Packages
      2. Using Remote Repositories
        1. Installing Remote Packages
        2. Working with the Cache
        3. Upgrading the System
        4. Removing Packages
        5. Graphical Managers
    4. RPM and YUM Package Management
      1. The RPM Database
        1. RPM Package Files
        2. Package Name Conventions
      2. The rpm Command
        1. Validation of Packages
        2. Installation of Packages
        3. Additional Installation Options
        4. Verifying a Package’s Integrity
        5. Freshening Versus Upgrading
        6. Removing Packages
        7. Other Removal Options
      3. Querying Packages
      4. Package Management with YUM
        1. Installing Packages
        2. Fetching Updates
        3. Finding Packages to Install
      5. Configuring Yum
    5. Summary
    6. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  18. Chapter 4 Basic Command Line Usage
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. What Is a Shell?
    3. Global and User Settings
      1. Sourcing Versus Executing
        1. Executing a Script
      2. Sourcing a Script
      3. A Login Shell Session
      4. A Non-Login Shell Session
    4. Using the Command Line
      1. There Are Commands and, Well, Commands
      2. Structuring Commands
      3. Breaking Long Command Lines
      4. Command Completion
      5. Special Characters in the Shell
    5. Controlling Command Execution
      1. Possible Exit Statuses
    6. Environment Variables and Settings
      1. The Path
      2. Getting $HOME
      3. bash’s History Feature
      4. Important History Variables
    7. Setting Options in bash
      1. Important bash Options
    8. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  19. Chapter 5 File Management
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Filesystem Overview
      1. What Belongs Where
        1. The Root of the System
        2. Classifying Data
        3. Where Programs Live
    3. File Management Commands
      1. Tips for Working with Linux Files
      2. Basic Navigation
      3. Advanced Navigation
      4. Listing Files and Directories
      5. Determining File Types
      6. Touching Files
      7. Copying Files and Directories
      8. Moving Objects
      9. Transforming Data Formats
      10. Creating and Removing Directories
      11. Removing Objects
    4. Where Are Those Files?
      1. Locating Files with Locate
      2. Finding Files
      3. Which Command Will Run?
      4. Researching a Command
      5. Linking Files
        1. Symbolic Links
        2. Hard Links
    5. Backup Commands
      1. Using tar
      2. Taking Pity on the Unarchiver
        1. Useful Creation Options
        2. Listing Archive Files
        3. Using cpio
      3. Compression Utilities
    6. Summary
    7. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  20. Chapter 6 Text Processing/Advanced Command Line
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Working with Input/Output Streams
      1. Standard In
      2. Standard Out
      3. Standard Error
      4. Redirection of Streams
      5. Redirecting Standard Input
      6. Redirecting Standard Output
      7. Redirecting Standard Error
      8. Redirection Redux
    3. Pipes
    4. Executing Multiple Commands
      1. Multiple Command Operators
      2. Command Substitution
    5. Splitting and Processing Streams
      1. Splitting Streams with the tee Command
      2. Processing Output with the xargs Command
    6. Filters
      1. Sorting
      2. Numbering Lines
      3. Tabs
      4. Cutting Columns
      5. Pasting and Joining
      6. Unique Data
      7. Heads or Tails?
      8. Splitting Files
      9. When cat Goes Backward
      10. Viewing Binary Files Safely
    7. Formatting Commands
      1. Translating Files
      2. He sed, She sed
      3. Getting a grep
        1. Examples of Using grep
      4. Expanding grep with egrep and fgrep
    8. Using Regular Expressions and grep
    9. Summary
    10. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  21. Chapter 7 Process Management
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Managing Processes
      1. Viewing Processes
      2. What’s the Diff?
      3. The free Command
      4. Blocks and Buffers
      5. Pages, Slabs, and Caches
      6. Interpreting Displayed Information from free
      7. System Uptime
    3. Sending Signals to Processes
      1. Killing Processes by PID
      2. Killing Processes by Other Criteria
    4. Job Control
    5. Managing Process Priorities
    6. Leaving Programs Running after Logout
      1. Using screen for Multiple Console Sessions
        1. Taking Control-a of screen Windows
        2. Creating Windows in screen
        3. Detaching and Reattaching from screen
        4. Locking Your Console via screen
    7. Summary
    8. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  22. Chapter 8 Editing Text
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. A Tour of the vim Editor
      1. The Message Line
      2. Editing in vi
        1. Opening a File for Editing
        2. Navigating Within a File
        3. Force Multipliers
        4. Undo Operations
        5. Saving Files
        6. Quitting vi
        7. Changing or Replacing Text
        8. Deleting Text and Lines
        9. The Cut, Copy, and Paste Commands
        10. Named and Unnamed Buffers
      3. Searching in vi
        1. Searching and Replacing
        2. Regular Expression Searches
      4. Options in vi
      5. Advanced vi
        1. Running External Commands in vi
        2. Joining Lines
        3. Split Windows
    3. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Review Questions
  23. Chapter 9 Partitions and Filesystems
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Creating Partitions
      1. Partitions
      2. Swap
      3. Disk Partitioning Tools
        1. fdisk
        2. gdisk
        3. Parted
    3. Filesystems
      1. Filesystem Types
      2. Superblocks
      3. Inodes and Files
      4. Inodes and Directories
      5. Inodes and Disk Space
      6. Creating Filesystems
        1. The mkfs Command
        2. Filesystem Creation Options
      7. Advanced Filesystem Commands
        1. Filesystem Checker
        2. Tuning Filesystems
        3. XFS Commands
        4. Debugging Filesystems
        5. Mounting and Unmounting
      8. The Filesystem Table
        1. Manually Mounting Filesystems
        2. Automatically Mounting Filesystems
        3. Unmounting Filesystems
    4. Space Utilization
      1. Using du
      2. Using df
      3. Using Disk Quotas
        1. Quota Commands and Files
        2. Quota Concepts
        3. Configuring Quotas
        4. Hard and Soft Limits
        5. Setting the Grace Period
        6. Getting Quota Information
    5. Summary
    6. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  24. Chapter 10 Permissions and Ownership
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Working with Permissions
      1. Permission Trio Bits
    3. Manipulating Permissions
      1. Numeric Mode
        1. Symbolic Mode
    4. Special File Permissions
      1. Special Bit Permissions
      2. Setting the SUID Bit on Files
      3. Setting the SGID Bit on Files
      4. Setting the SGID Bit on Directories
      5. Setting the Sticky Bit
    5. Finding Files by Permission
    6. Default Permissions
    7. Changing User Ownership
    8. Changing Group Ownership
    9. Summary
    10. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  25. Chapter 11 Customizing Shell Environments
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Working Within the Shell
      1. Environment Variables
      2. Variable Scope
        1. Setting Variables from a Child
      3. Setting and Unsetting Variables
      4. Subshells
        1. The env Wrapper
    3. Extending the Shell
      1. Global and User Settings
        1. A Login Shell Session
        2. A Non-Login Shell Session
      2. The PATH
        1. Aliases and Functions
        2. Functions
      3. PS1
        1. Adding More Dynamic Content
        2. PS2
      4. Creating New Users (skeleton)
    4. Localization and Internationalization
      1. Time Zones
        1. Displaying Time
        2. Setting Time Zones
      2. Character Encoding
      3. Representing Locales
        1. Fallback Locales
      4. Contents of a Locale
      5. How Linux Uses the Locale
        1. Converting Files Between Encodings
    5. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  26. Chapter 12 Shell Scripting
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Basics of Scripting
      1. Running a Script
      2. Good Design
      3. Managing Your Scripts
    3. Shell Script Commands
      1. Use the Output of Another Command
      2. Do Math
      3. Conditions
      4. Testing Files
      5. An Easier Test Syntax
      6. Testing Strings
      7. Testing Integers
      8. Combining Multiple Tests
      9. Case Statements
      10. Loops
        1. For Loops
        2. Sequences
        3. While Loops
        4. Reading from stdin in a Loop
      11. Interacting with Other Programs
      12. Returning an Error Code
      13. Accepting Arguments
      14. Transferring Control to Another Program
    4. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  27. Chapter 13 Basic SQL Management
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Database Basics
      1. Types of Databases
        1. Key-Value Databases
        2. Relational Databases
        3. Schemaless Databases
    3. Learning SQL
      1. Using SQLite
      2. SQL Basics
        1. Keywords Versus Data
      3. Selecting Data
        1. Being Choosy
        2. Multiple Conditions
        3. Sorting
      4. Limiting Results
      5. Working with Multiple Tables
        1. Writing Queries with Joins
        2. Cleaning Up the Query
      6. Advanced Joins
        1. Left Versus Right Joins
        2. Null
      7. Subselects
      8. Grouping Data
      9. Inserting Data
      10. Updating Data
      11. Deleting Data
      12. Creating Tables
    4. Summary
    5. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  28. Chapter 14 Configuring User Interfaces and Desktops
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Quick Overview of X
      1. How X Works
        1. Window Managers
        2. Linux Desktops
    3. The Xorg System
      1. The Xorg Configuration File
      2. Fonts in X
      3. Tuning X
    4. X Display Managers
    5. Into and Out of X
    6. Accessibility Options
      1. Sticky/Repeat Keys
      2. Slow/Bounce/Toggle Keys
      3. Mouse Keys
      4. High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes
      5. Screen Reader
      6. Braille Display
      7. Screen Magnifier
      8. Onscreen Keyboard
    7. Remote Clients
    8. Summary
    9. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  29. Chapter 15 Managing Users and Groups
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. User Account Fundamentals
      1. What Accounts Are What?
        1. Normal User Accounts
        2. User Entries in /etc/passwd
        3. Special Login Files
    3. Group Accounts
      1. Group Entries in /etc/group
      2. Group Passwords
    4. Adding Users and Groups
      1. Adding Users with useradd
      2. The useradd Defaults
      3. Adding Groups with groupadd
    5. Modifying Users and Groups
      1. Modifying User Accounts with usermod
      2. Modifying Groups with groupmod
    6. Removing Users and Groups
      1. Removing Users
      2. Removing Groups
    7. The Shadow Suite
      1. Encrypted Passwords and Shadow Fields
      2. shadow File Permissions
    8. Changing Accounts
      1. Aging Passwords
      2. User Variables
    9. Summary
    10. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  30. Chapter 16 Schedule and Automate Tasks
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. The Cron System
      1. Configuring crontabs
        1. Using the crontab Command
        2. Matching Times
        3. Spelling Out Month and Day Names
        4. Making Multiple Matches
        5. Step Values
        6. Putting the crontab Together
        7. Issues About Path
        8. Dealing with Output
        9. Nicknames
      2. Other Files
        1. System crontabs
        2. Convenience crontabs
      3. Restricting Access
    3. Anacron
    4. Running Ad-hoc Jobs
      1. The at Command
      2. The batch Command
    5. Summary
    6. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  31. Chapter 17 Configuring Print and Email Services
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Managing Printers and Printing
      1. The Print Spooler
        1. Network Printing Protocols
      2. The CUPS Daemon
        1. The CUPS Pipeline
      3. Configuring CUPS
      4. CUPS Maintenance
        1. Printer State
        2. Maintenance and Administration Pull-downs
        3. Administration Menu
        4. Jobs List
      5. Command Line Tools
        1. Legacy Tools
        2. lp/lpr
        3. lpstat
        4. lpq
        5. lprm
        6. CUPS Tools
        7. cupsaccept/cupsreject
        8. cupsenable/cupsdisable
        9. cupsctl
        10. Configuration Files
      6. Troubleshooting Printing
        1. Try Printing from the Command Line
        2. Was the Job Queued?
        3. Can CUPS Send the Job to the Printer?
        4. Turn On Debugging
    3. Mail Transfer Agent Basics
      1. How Email Flows
        1. Mail User Agent
        2. Mail Transfer Agent
        3. The Language of Email
        4. Linux MTAs
        5. Domain Name System
        6. Mail Delivery Agent
        7. Mail Server
      2. Creating Aliases and Forwarding Email
        1. Committing Changes
        2. Other Types of Aliases
        3. User-Defined Forwarding
      3. Managing Queues
    4. Summary
    5. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  32. Chapter 18 Logging and Time Services
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Maintain System Time
      1. Not One, But Two Clocks
      2. Working with the System Clock
      3. Working with the Hardware Clock
        1. The hwclock Command
        2. Synchronizing Time Between Clocks
      4. Network Time Protocol
        1. Setting the Time from the Command Line
        2. The pool.ntp.org Servers
        3. Configuring ntpd
        4. Monitoring ntpd
    3. System Logging
      1. systemd and syslog
        1. syslog
        2. The logger Command
        3. Configuring syslogd
        4. Other syslog Implementations
      2. systemd Logging
        1. Querying the Log
        2. Configuring journald
    4. Rotating Logs
      1. Configuring Log Rotation
      2. Dealing with Open Files
    5. Summary
    6. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  33. Chapter 19 Networking Fundamentals
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Conceptual Overview of Networking
      1. Necessary Configuration Information
      2. IP Addresses
      3. Networks and Hosts
      4. Address Class Ranges
        1. Using the Bits to Determine Class
      5. Network Masks
      6. Using Default Network Masks
      7. Gateway Addresses, or “Do I Dial with the Area Code?”
      8. Broadcast Addresses
      9. Custom Network Masks
      10. Determining a Custom Network Mask
      11. Additional Protocols
        1. Common Ports
      12. IPv6
    3. Managing Interfaces
      1. Viewing IP Information
      2. Red Hat Interface Configuration
      3. Debian Interface Configuration
      4. Viewing and Configuring Gateway Addresses
        1. Viewing the Default Gateway
        2. Configuring a Default Gateway
        3. Local Name Configuration
    4. Network Configuration Utilities
      1. Network Utility Examples
        1. The ifconfig Command
        2. The route Command
        3. DHCP Client Tools
        4. The host, getent, and dig Commands
        5. Hostname Utilities
        6. Using netstat
        7. The ping Command
        8. Using traceroute
        9. Using tcpdump
    5. Summary
    6. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  34. Chapter 20 System Security
    1. “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
    2. Gaining Access to the root Account
      1. The su Command
      2. The sudo Command
    3. Providing Services on Demand
      1. Using inetd and xinetd
      2. inetd Configuration Files
      3. xinetd Configuration Files
    4. Using TCP Wrappers for Securing Services
      1. inetd and TCP Wrappers
      2. xinetd and TCP Wrappers
      3. The hosts.allow and hosts.deny Files
      4. Wrapper Read Order
      5. Format of hosts.allow and hosts.deny
      6. Sample Configurations
      7. Using Rule Options
    5. Understanding Permission Problems
      1. Finding Files by Permissions
    6. GnuPG Keys
    7. Secure Shell
      1. SSH Components
        1. Using SSH Client Utilities
    8. Additional Security Features
    9. Summary
    10. Exam Preparation Tasks
      1. Review All Key Topics
      2. Define Key Terms
      3. Review Questions
  35. Chapter 21 Final Preparation
    1. How to Prepare for the LPI Exams
      1. Caveat and Warning
      2. Exam Objectives
      3. Important Exam Facts
      4. Right Before Your Exam Starts
      5. How to Look at the Objectives
      6. Studying for the Exams—What to Do
      7. Machines or Virtual Machines?
      8. Studying for the Exams—What Not to Do
      9. Don’t Believe Everything
      10. Don’t Worry, Be Happy
      11. LPI Certifications and Distributions
      12. You Have to Install Something
      13. LPI Exam Question Types
      14. Single Answer Multiple Choice
      15. Choose Two/Choose Three
      16. Choose All That Apply
      17. Fill in the Blank
      18. Final Recommendations
    2. Summary
  36. Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes and Review Questions
  37. Glossary
  38. Index

Product information

  • Title: CompTIA Linux / LPIC-1 Cert Guide: (Exams LX0-103 & LX0-104/101-400 & 102-400)
  • Author(s): Ross Brunson, Sean Walberg
  • Release date: December 2015
  • Publisher(s): Pearson IT Certification
  • ISBN: 9780134085777