Computation in BioInformatics

3Role of Bioinformatics in Early Drug Discovery: An Overview and Perspective

Shasank S. Swain* and Tahziba Hussain

Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Abstract

Today, medicine is essential for humans to live far away from diseases caused by several pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungus, and some lifestyle-associated health disorders or non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cancer, including several autoimmune diseases. Thus, several drugs have been introduced continuously by innovative medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, and pharmaceutical companies to counter-attack the newly emerged strains/serotypes/diseases. After a widespread use and genetic variance within pathogens, every drug appeared active for a short period against a particular disease. Thus, the development of a newer drug is a continuous process. But the event of new drug development from original innovation to market is a complicated, time-consuming, and resource-consuming process. At that time, the bioinformatics or computer-aided drug design (CADD) tool is one of the renovated platforms in current drug discovery. The virtual-cum-theoretical assessment of biological activity by cost-effective throughput screening, target identification, and lead optimization process guided and shortened the existing drug development modules. The consecutive growth in bioinformatics technologies was widely assumed pioneer the newer drug ...