3

System response

3.1 Introduction

How will the output from a system change when there is an input to it? For example, if we consider a mercury-in-glass thermometer as a system with an input of temperature and an output of the level of the mercury in the glass capillary, how will the level change when the thermometer is suddenly immersed in hot water, i.e. given a step input? As a matter of experience we know that the level will increases as a result of the input and take a certain amount of time before it reaches its steady state value. If we consider a control system employing a motor and feedback to move a work piece in an automatic machining operation, how will the output, i.e. the displacement of the workpiece, vary with time when the ...

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