C++ and Competition
In a sense, C++ competes with every programming language in use today, from FORTRAN and COBOL to PL/I and Ada.
C++ and Older Languages
Of course, even older languages have their own strengths. For example, FORTRAN is superior for implementing scientific algorithms. Its libraries make the job of a scientific programmer much easier.
COBOL and PL/I are superior to C++ when it comes to flexible formatting of output: a C++ programmer has to work much harder to achieve similar results, especially if the iostream library is used. If the older standard library is used, formatting code can be more concise. Still, it is error prone and complicated.
Ada has such features as tasks for concurrent programming and packages for implementing ...
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