Chapter 1. Essentials

In 1939, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios released a film that, according to the American Library of Congress, was destined to become the most watched film in history. The Wizard of Oz is the story of a young girl named Dorothy and her dog Toto, who are transported by a violent tornado from Kansas in the central United States to the magical land of Oz.

The film begins in Kansas and is shot in a bland and dreary black-and-white. When Dorothy and Toto arrive in the land of Oz however, the film bursts into vibrant color, and the adventure begins.

For more than a decade, software developers have been implementing bland and dreary web applications that do little more than present bored-to-death users with a seemingly unending sequence ...

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