Chapter 4. Extended Fictitious Crack Model for Multiple-Crack Analysis
4.1. Introduction
In many engineering applications involving an aging or partially damaged concrete structure, the available information on structural integrity is often limited to the crack-opening widths of several distinct cracks in the structure. Take as an example the concrete lining of an aging waterway tunnel, one of the major constituents of a hydraulic power facility. It is known that a frequent cause of cracking in waterway tunnels is the formation of voids behind the concrete lining in the ceiling area that causes structural deformation to progress under external compression, leading to the propagation of several distinct longitudinal cracks in the arch areas and ...
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