Chapter 8. Applications
Pseudoshell Model for Crack Analysis of Tunnel Linings8.1. Introduction
In analyzing the structural behaviors and assessing the structural safety of aging tunnels such as railway tunnels, roadway tunnels, and waterway tunnels of hydraulic power facilities, available analytical approaches can be classified primarily into two categories. One is to model the time-dependent behavior of the surrounding geological materials with a simplified frame model for the tunnel lining (Kitagawa and Inagaki, 1993Jiang et al., 1993Zhang, 1994 and Tasaka et al., 2000), in which hinges are introduced into the frame to model cracking in the lining concrete. The other is to model the lining with simplified boundary conditions, mostly with spring ...
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