Foreword
Recent activities of major chip manufacturers such as NVIDIA make it more evident than ever that future designs of microprocessors and large HPC systems will be hybrid/heterogeneous in nature. These heterogeneous systems will rely on the integration of two major types of components in varying proportions:
• Multi- and many-core CPU technology: The number of cores will continue to escalate because of the desire to pack more and more components on a chip while avoiding the power wall, the instruction-level parallelism wall, and the memory wall.
• Special-purpose hardware and massively parallel accelerators: For example, GPUs from NVIDIA have outpaced standard CPUs in floating-point performance in recent years. Furthermore, they have arguably ...
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