5Smart Charging and Operation of Electric Fleet Vehicles in a Smart City
Milad Kazemi1, Samuel Bailey1, Sadegh Soudjani1, and Vahid Vahidinasab2
1School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
2Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
5.1 Smart Charging in Transportation
In this chapter, we discuss a number of important areas relating to the electric vehicles (EVs), EV smart charging, and interaction of smart charging with the smart grid. First, we explore the technologies currently available for charging EVs and the rules and regulations in place in countries around the world. Then, we discuss the cyber‐physical aspects of the smart charging system in Section 5.2. Security is essential in the modern age, with a number of attack methods and possible countermeasures discussed in Section 5.4. Finally, we study a number of proposed smart charging schemes, each with its own purpose, benefits, and drawbacks in Section 5.5, and provide a numerical example of computing a smart charging scheme using techniques from game theory.
5.1.1 Available EV Charging Technologies
5.1.1.1 Inductive Charging
Inductive charging is a technology being explored for easy, autonomous charging of EVs, and it is a technology already widely used in mobile phones and is seeing use in various countries for EV charging [1, 2]. BMW is the first automobile manufacturer offering wireless charging with their vehicles [3]. Other ...
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