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Cyberwar and Information Warfare

Name: Cyberwar and Information Warfare
Author: Daniel Ventre
ISBN: 9781848213043

by Daniel Ventre

August 2011

Beginner

448 pages

12h 44m

English

Wiley

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Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Introduction
List of Acronyms
Chapter 1. Cyberwar and its Borders
1.1. The seduction of cyberwar1.2. Desirable, vulnerable and frightening information1.3. Conflict and its dimensions1.4. The Helm and space1.5. Between knowledge and violence1.6. Space, distance and paths1.7. The permanency of war1.8. No war without borders1.9. The enemy and the sovereign1.10. Strengths and weaknesses1.11. Bibliography
Chapter 2. War of Meaning, Cyberwar and Democracies
2.1. Introduction2.2. Informational environment, a new operating space for strategy2.2.1. War and information: stakes for the West2.2.1.1. Information society and 21st Century conflicts2.2.1.2. Informational environment and cyberspace2.2.1.3. Emergence of non-state controlled actors2.2.1.4. The West perceived negatively by the non-western wor2.2.1.5. A thought to be renewed on the concept of subversion2.2.1.6. The debate on the use of force2.2.1.7. The rejection of death in the West 2.2.1.8. Soldier-citizen and individual freedom of expression2.2.2. Strategy in the information environment2.2.2.1. The global nature of the State’s strategy in resolving crises2.2.2.2. Comprehensive approach and military strategy2.2.2.3. About the influence strategy of Western democracies2.2.2.4. The return to ideologies2.2.2.5. War of meaning and strategic communication2.2.2.6. NATO and strategic communication(s) in Afghanistan2.2.3. Winning the battle of legitimacies2.2.3.1. Creating legitimacy out of a military intervention2.2.3.2. The asymmetry of ethics2.2.3.3. Why fight?2.2.3.4. Necessary domestic adherence2.2.3.5. Sensitizing domestic public opinion2.2.3.6. What is propaganda today?2.2.3.7. The Internet: new battlefield for propaganda2.2.3.8. Communication or propaganda2.3. Influence strategy: defeating and limiting armed force physical involvement2.3.1. Describing the aggressor2.3.1.1. What is an enemy?2.3.1.2. Redefining the enemy2.3.1.3. Understanding the adversary and its human environment2.3.2. Armed forces and the information environment2.3.2.1. New wars2.3.2.2. Understanding to influence and act2.3.2.3. Information operations2.3.2.4. From command and control warfare to the battle of perception2.3.3. The need for moral force2.3.3.1. Political action and armed forces2.3.3.2. Defining the counter-cause2.3.3.3. Image-emotion control, condition of the partial success of communication2.3.3.4. Vital protection of information in conflicts2.3.3.5. Preventative strategy and counter-influence actions2.4. Conclusion2.5. Bibliography
Chapter 3. Intelligence, the First Defense? Information Warfare and Strategic Surprise
3.1. Information warfare, information and war3.2. Intelligence and strategic surprise3.2.1. Strategic surprise3.2.2. Perception of surprise3.2.3. Perception of the possibility of surprise3.3. Strategic surprise and information warfare3.4. Concluding remarks: surprise in strategic studies3.5. Bibliography
Chapter 4. Cyberconflict: Stakes of Power
4.1. Stakes of power4.1.1. Power relations4.1.1.1. Cyberattack 4.1.1.2. Cyberdefense 4.1.1.3. Cyberwar 4.1.1.4. Confrontations in the information dimension (CID)4.1.2. Expression of sovereignty4.1.3. Cyberpower4.1.4. Measuring and locating power4.1.4.1. Cyberspace, place of conflict4.1.4.2. Measurement criteri4.1.4.3. The concept of vital space4.1.4.4. The gravity model4.1.4.5. The Second World4.1.4.6. Speed as a determiner of power4.1.5. Limits of exercising power4.1.6. The Monroe doctrine4.1.7. Globalization4.1.8. Shock theories4.1.9. Naval and maritime power strategy4.1.10. Air/space and cybernetic power: analogies4.1.11. Cyberconflict/cyber weapons, chemical/biological weapons: comparisons4.1.12. Cyberconflict/cyber weapons, Cold War, nuclear weapons: comparisons4.1.13. Cyberconflict and new wars4.1.13.1. Is cyberwar actually war?4.1.13.2. Cyberwar, new war?4.1.13.3. Wars and technologies4.1.13.4. Hybrid wars4.2. The Stuxnet affair4.3. Bibliography
Chapter 5. Operational Aspects of a Cyberattack: Intelligence, Planning and Conduct
5.1. Introduction5.2. Towards a broader concept of cyberwar5.2.1. War and cyberwar: common ground5.2.2. New orders in cyberwar5.2.2.1. Obliterating space5.2.2.2. Obliterating time 5.2.2.3. Obliterating proof5.2.3. Who are cyberwarriors?5.2.4. Is formalization possible?5.3. Concept of critical infrastructure5.3.1. Generalized definition of the notion of critical infrastructure5.3.1.1. The human element5.3.1.2. External elements5.3.2. System interdependence5.4. Different phases of a cyberattack5.4.1. Intelligence phase5.4.1.1. Technical intelligence5.4.1.2. Human intelligence5.4.2. Planning phase5.4.3. Conduct phase5.5. A few “elementary building blocks”5.5.1. General tactical framework5.5.2. Attacks on people5.5.3. Opinion manipulation and area control5.5.4. Military computer attack in a conventional operation5.6. Example scenario5.6.1. Tactical scenario5.6.1.1. General situation5.6.1.2. Environment and INT situation245.6.1.3. Geographical situation5.6.2. The order of events5.6.2.1. Phase 1: before September 22nd5.6.2.2. Phase 2: from September 22nd to the 24th5.6.2.3. Phase 3: from September 24th to the 28th5.6.3. Analysis5.7. Conclusion5.8. Bibliography

Chapter 6. Riots in Xinjiang and Chinese Information Warfare? 285
6.1. Xinjiang region: an explosive context6.1.1. Ethnic tensions, extremism, separatism, terrorism and violence in Xinjiang6.1.2. Xinjiang: a strategic region6.2. Riots, July 20096.2.1. Chronology of facts6.2.2. Reasons for the riots6.2.3. The riots faced with international public opinion6.3. Impacts on Chinese cyberspace: hacktivism and site defacing6.3.1. The Internet in Xinjiang: a region dependent on information systems?6.3.2. Website defacement in a crisis context6.3.3. Defining the dynamics of the relationship between “political events” and “site defacement”6.3.3.1. Defacements on the .cn domain6.3.3.2. Defacements on .hk domains6.3.3.3. Defacements on the .tw domain6.3.3.4. Defacements on the .mo domain6.3.3.5. Defacements on the .tr domain6.3.3.6. Defacements on the .jp domain6.3.3.7. Defacements on the .au domain6.3.3.8. Involved hacktivists6.3.3.9. Content of the claims6.4. Managing the “cyberspace” risk by the Chinese authorities6.4.1. Inaccessible sites6.4.2. Cutting off telephone communications6.4.3. The risks of cyberspace6.4.4. Dealing with the media and information content6.4.5. After the incidents: communication, reaction, control, legislation6.5. Chinese information warfare through the Xinjiang crisis6.5.1. Xinjiang, land of information warfare6.5.2. Chinese information warfare in the prism of Xinjiang management crisis approaches6.5.2.1. Speed and reactivity6.5.2.2. The public national opinion as a sensitive system6.5.2.3. Cyberspace permeability: ultimate control impossible?6.6. Conclusion6.7. Bibliography
Chapter 7. Special Territories
7.1. Hong Kong: intermediate zone7.1.1. Strategic and political situation in Hong Kong7.1.2. Hong Kong’s cyberspace7.1.3. A framework suited to crises7.1.4. Hong Kong’s vulnerable cyberspace7.1.5. The Google affair7.2. North Korea: unknown figure of asymmetrical threat7.2.1. Cyberattacks blamed on North Korea7.2.2. North Korea’s capability in cyberwar7.2.3. The Cheonan affair7.2.3.1. The cybernetic dimension of the Cheonan affair7.2.4. In the face of North Korea: the capabilities of South Korea7.3. Bibliography
Conclusion
List of Authors
Index

Content preview from Cyberwar and Information Warfare

Chapter 6 Riots in Xinjiang and Chinese Information Warfare ¹

Several times over the last few years, China has been accused of being at the origin of (meaning, guilty of) an incredible number of incidents regarding security reported over the world: intrusions into company and the State’s most sensitive information systems, intrusion attempts into SCADA systems, data theft, espionage, etc.

Are these actions the implementation of the Chinese information warfare doctrine [VEN 07]¹ (whose preliminary foundations were presented nearly 20 years ago by Wang Baocun, Wang Pufeng, Shen Weiguang, Qiao Liang, Wang Xiangsui, and closer to us, Dai Qingmin, or even Wang Houqing and Zhang Xingye in The Science of Campaigns [HOU 00], Peng Guangqiang and Yao Youzhi in The Science of Military Strategy [GUA 05])?

This chapter will keep in line with a context of ever-worsening cyberattacks (or simply an increased awareness of a phenomenon which has existed for many years already) or several studies, mainly American ones, which focus specifically on the strategy, doctrine and capabilities of information warfare, information operations and Chinese cyberwar.

In these publications we find, for instance, the report on the Capability of the People’s Republic of China to Conduct Cyber Warfare and Computer Network Exploitation [KRE 09], or Timothy L. Thomas’ contribution in the excellent work Cyberpower and National Security, published by the National Defense University [KRA 09].

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Cyberwar and Information Warfare

by Daniel Ventre

Chapter 6

Riots in Xinjiang and Chinese Information Warfare ¹

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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