Chapter 4

VXLAN as a Network Virtualization Overlay

Chapter 2, “Overview of Data Center Architecture,” and Chapter 3, “BGP for the Data Center,” explored the shift in data center design from a traditional three-tier architecture to a more densely interconnected 3-stage Clos network (or a 5-stage Clos network for large-scale data centers), with a scale-out strategy designed to handle the predominantly east-west traffic in the network. In these designs, the need for Layer 2 protocols such as Spanning Tree is eliminated by moving to a fully routed architecture for network-facing ports, using point-to-point Layer 3 links between the leafs and the spines of the fabric and using a routing protocol such as BGP to propagate endpoint reachability information ...

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