4.5.4.3. Domain velocity computation
Perturbation of shape design variables results in the movement of the design boundary, as discussed in the previous section. Interior material points, or finite element nodes, in the structural domain must also move following certain rules. Among numerous approaches for domain velocity field computations, we briefly discuss two representative methods: the boundary displacement method and the isoparametric mapping method (Choi and Chang 1994).
4.5.4.3.1. Boundary displacement method
In the boundary displacement method, movements of nodal points at the design boundary are treated as the prescribed displacements. The domain velocity field that corresponds to the design perturbation can be obtained by solving an ...
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