2 Digital Image
An image is a two‐dimensional (2D) light intensity function
, where
is a coordinate system of interest. Without loss of generality, and to simplify our discussions, the rest of the book will concentrate on the case of 2D Cartesian coordinate. The value of
at the coordinates
is proportional to the brightness of the image at that point. While digital images can be generated/acquired by a number of methods, primarily, the image
is converted to a digital image through cameras using a 2D image sensor array, which are typically constructed with
charge‐coupled devices
(CCD) and
complementary metal oxide semiconductor
(CMOS) technologies. Camera constructed with CCD or CMOS works in a similar fashion, where the light reflected from an object
will impinge onto the face of the sensor array, such that the
will be converted into an electrical signal. Figure ...
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