2 Digital Image

An image is a two‐dimensional (2D) light intensity function c02-i0001 , where c02-i0002 is a coordinate system of interest. Without loss of generality, and to simplify our discussions, the rest of the book will concentrate on the case of 2D Cartesian coordinate. The value of c02-i0003 at the coordinates c02-i0004 is proportional to the brightness of the image at that point. While digital images can be generated/acquired by a number of methods, primarily, the image c02-i0005 is converted to a digital image through cameras using a 2D image sensor array, which are typically constructed with charge‐coupled devices (CCD) and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies. Camera constructed with CCD or CMOS works in a similar fashion, where the light reflected from an object c02-i0006 will impinge onto the face of the sensor array, such that the will be converted into an electrical signal. Figure ...

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