Digital Transformation and Public Policies

4How to Characterize Public Innovation Platforms? Crossed Perspectives

In recent years, new information and communication technologies have become a strategic resource for public organizations, to the point of considering the emergence of an “e-government platform” (Chevallier 2018). To enable more efficient management and to meet the need for innovation, public actors are increasingly adopting open innovation models through digital platforms. These platforms can be defined as virtual places of exchange – commercial or not – based on Web 2.0. While they have been massively developed by private companies until now, mobilized technologies offer public organizations the opportunity to amplify creativity and collaboration, and have a strong potential to transform public action. For example, recent works in political science by Hautamäki and Oksanen (2018), Mergel et al. (2019) or Mergel (2020) illustrate the capacity of digital transformation to impact the delivery, and sometimes the efficiency of public services. The new digital tools can also promote greater transparency¹, interoperability and citizen satisfaction (in terms of ease of access or quality of services rendered), and also a reinforced circulation and sharing of public data.

In this chapter, we propose, from an interdisciplinary approach, to address the potentialities offered to public decision-makers by digital platforms in order to conduct various policies, whether they relate to health, the sharing of Open Data ...