1.1 What is a digital twin?1.2 Technologies enabling digital twins1.2.1 Internet of things1.2.2 Cloud computing1.2.3 Machine learning and artificial intelligence1.2.4 Visualization technologies and game engines1.2.5 Agentic AI and autonomous decision-making1.3 Digital twin capability levels1.3.1 Descriptive digital twin1.3.2 Informative digital twin1.3.3 Predictive digital twin1.3.4 Comprehensive digital twin1.3.5 Autonomous digital twin1.4 What are digital twins used for?1.4.1 Accelerating product development1.4.2 Reducing costs through predictive maintenance1.4.3 Optimizing performance and operational efficiency1.4.4 Training and simulation1.5 Digital twins across industries1.5.1 Mining, energy, and industrial1.5.2 Automotive1.5.3 Agriculture1.5.4 Defense1.5.5 Healthcare1.5.6 Infrastructure1.5.7 Smart buildings, cities, and states1.5.8 What a digital twin is not good for1.6 Building your first digital twin: Key considerations and challenges1.6.1 A clear definition of success1.6.2 Data quality1.6.3 Skills gap1.6.4 Build vs. buy1.6.5 Governance and security