Discrete Mathematical Structures

4

Mathematical Logic and Methods of proofs

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this chapter, you will be conversant with:

• Introduction
• Statement (Proposition)
• Propositional Variables, Simple and Compound Propositions (or Statements)
• Basic Logical Operations
• Tautology and Contradiction
• Logically Equivalent or Equivalent Propositions
• Logical Arguments
• Predicates
• Methods of Proof

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Logic is the discipline that deals with the principles and techniques of reasoning, that are required to recognise valid arguments. Logical reasoning was first developed by the Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 BC) who is known as the father of logic. Logic plays an important role in every area of all mathematical and automated reasoning. It is used ...