Domino Effects in the Process Industries

5

Heat Radiation Effects

Gabriele Landucci^∗, Valerio Cozzani^† and Michael Birk^‡,    ^∗Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy, ^†LISES, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, ^‡Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Chapter Outline

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Mechanisms of Escalation Triggered by Fire

5.2.1 Experimental Analysis of Vessels Exposed to Fires

5.2.2 Increase in Vessel Wall Temperature

5.2.3 Increase of Internal Fluid Temperature

5.2.4 Increase of Internal Pressure

5.2.5 Direct Fire Damage: Weakening of Structural Elements

5.2.6 Mechanisms of Escalation ...