Domino Effects in the Process Industries

9

Threshold-Based Approach

Valerio Cozzani^∗, Alessandro Tugnoli^∗, Sarah Bonvicini^∗ and Ernesto Salzano^†,    ^∗LISES, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, ^†Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Napoli, Italy

Chapter Outline

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Escalation Vectors and Equipment Damage Mechanisms

9.2.1 Radiation and Fire Impingement from Stationary Fires

9.2.2 Radiation and Fire Impingement from Transient Flames

9.2.3 Blast Waves

9.2.4 Fragment Impact

9.2.5 Definition and Calculation of Escalation Vectors

9.3 Damage State and Loss Intensity Criteria

9.3.1 The Concept of Equipment Damage State

9.3.2 Loss Intensity ...