122 Ecological Sustainability
3800–4000 L/ha from ground maize. The total EtOH production in 2009 in
Brazil was 24.9 billion L (6.578 billion US gal.), coming from sugarcane grown
on 3.6 million ha. In the United States, the total EtOH production in 2009
was 40.693 billion L (10.750 billion US gal.), coming from corn grown on
10million ha. Brazil had 35,017 ethanol (E100) fueling stations (or 100%) in
2010. The United States had only 2321 (or 1%).
Currently, the rst-generation process to produce ethanol in the United
States uses only a small part of the corn plant, that is, the corn kernels. The
corn stover is generally used for cattle feed (e.g., as silage). The corn kernels
contain starches (about 50% of the dry kernel mass), which ...