5. Concurrency and Parallelism
Concurrency is when a computer does many different things seemingly at the same time. For example, on a computer with one CPU core, the operating system will rapidly change which program is running on the single processor. This interleaves execution of the programs, providing the illusion that the programs are running simultaneously.
Parallelism is actually doing many different things at the same time. Computers with multiple CPU cores can execute multiple programs simultaneously. Each CPU core runs the instructions of a separate program, allowing each program to make forward progress during the same instant.
Within a single program, concurrency is a tool that makes it easier for programmers to solve certain types ...
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