8.1. The premise of mixing JVM languages
The history of alternative JVM languages began almost 15 years ago when Jim Hugunin wrote Jython, an implementation of the Python language for the JVM. Though Jython struggled to gain momentum and its development had practically ceased by 2005, it served as inspiration for many more JVM languages to come.
Soon after the Jython project was announced, other languages joined the race. JRuby, a Java implementation of the Ruby programming language, had been under development since 2001, and James Strachan announced Groovy as a serious alternative for scripting on the JVM in 2003. Also in 2003, Martin Odersky released the Scala programming language, and in 2007 Rich Hickey’s Lisp dialect, Clojure, joined the ...
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