Electromagnetic Fields in Biological Systems

7

Terahertz Radiation: Sources, Applications, and Biological Effects

Gerald J. WilminkJessica E. Grundt

7.1 Introduction

The Terahertz Region: Fundamental Units with Biological Relevance • Nonionizing Radiation: “X-Rays” versus “T-Rays” • Spectroscopic Fingerprint Region for Biological Materials

7.2 Terahertz Sources: Conventional and State-of-the-Art

Direct Generation Laser Sources • Electronic Solid-State Terahertz Devices: Frequency Up-Conversion • Accelerating Electron-Based Terahertz Sources • Nonlinear Optical Terahertz Sources: Frequency Down-Conversion

7.3 Terahertz Applications

Spectroscopy • Imaging

7.4 Terahertz Skin Interactions

Skin Anatomy • Fundamental Principles of Terahertz-Tissue Optics • Optical Properties of Skin • ...