Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems Engineering

Chapter 9INDUCED EMERGENCE IN COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING: MULTIMODELS AND DYNAMIC COUPLINGS AS METHODOLOGICAL BASIS

Tuncer Ören¹, Saurabh Mittal², and Umut Durak³

¹School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

²MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, USA

³German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany

SUMMARY

Induced emergence is presented as a consequence of goal-directed steering of social systems. Multimodels offer a rich paradigm to model complex systems including complex social systems. Thirty types of multimodels are presented in an ontology-based dictionary where their definitions are given with their taxonomy. Formal modeling incorporating model structure and model coupling and especially dynamic coupling is emphasized with their relevance to multimodeling of social systems. Evaluation of the state-of-the-art tools that can implement the concept of induced emergence is presented.

INTRODUCTION

The term emergence represents very important concepts in systems theories including complex systems theories, complex adaptive systems (CASs) theories, and systems of systems studies. However, in this chapter, the term emergence is deliberately used to denote a concept different from its usage in systems theories. For this reason, a brief clarification of the two usages of the term is in order, namely: (i) historical usage of the term emergence and (ii) emergence in systems theories.

Historical usage of emergence: The definitions ...