Emerging Computing Paradigms

1 Cloud Computing Evolution, Research Issues, and Challenges

Neeraj Gupta and Asha Sohal

School of Engineering and Technology, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram

1.1 Introduction

A computing process requires resources like processors, memory, network, and software. The traditional computing model for IT services requires investing in the computing infrastructure. “On-premise” solution requires that you purchase and deploy required hardware and software at your premise. Such a solution involves a capital expenditure on the equipment and recurring operational spending on the maintenance and technological refreshes required from time-to-time. Another possible solution can be co-location facilities where the facility owner can provide services like power, cooling, and physical security. The customer needs to deploy its server, storage, and other equipment necessary for the operation. This solution reduces the capital expenditure and increases the operational cost as per the service-agreement agreed upon for hiring the services. Cloud computing aggregates various computing resources, both hardware and software, such that they are viewed as one large pool and accessed as utility services. The word utility refers to hire up the resources until the demand exists and service provider charges for resource usage. The term “pay-per-use” or “pay- as-you-go” is used to represent cloud computing’s commercial aspect.

Most users define cloud computing as IT services located somewhere on the ...