10
Vector Calculus
We know that scalar is a quantity that is characterized solely by magnitude whereas vector is a quantity which is characterized by both magnitude and direction. For example, time, mass, and temperature are scalar quantities whereas displacement, velocity, and force are vector quantities. We represent a vector by an arrow over it. Geometrically, we represent a vector 
by a directed line segment 
where 
has direction from P to Q. The ...
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