Introduction
One could ask why the concept of integration has not been considered a subject requiring thorough examination of joining parts to make a whole, or involving profound contemplation of the whole as constituent parts. The process of joining things together in some manner that involves interfaces and transfers of various types is perhaps the most widely talked about, least understood subject in any discipline. Individuals not versed in systems engineering often seem unable to appreciate the befuddlements indicative of performing systems integration, or more insidiously, system of systems integration. Systems engineers and systems integration engineers often find integration vexing and problematic, ...