3
Explainability

The Space between the Inputs and the Outputs

You just found the house of your dreams and you go to the bank for a mortgage. You sit down with the loan officer and fill out the application with the requested information: name, date of birth, employment history. You also provide credit card statements, paycheck stubs, details about your investment portfolio, and so on. He takes that stack of paper and puts it into one end of a machine that resembles a photocopier. It rapidly sucks up the paper, whirrs for a bit, and then prints out a single page that just reads: Nope.

“I’m sorry, but your request for a mortgage has been denied,” the loan officer informs you.

Your excitement crashes to sadness and confusion. “Why?” you ask.

“Because ...

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