Evolution and Applications of Quantum Computing

14Quantum Cryptography

Salma Fauzia

Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Muffakham Jah College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India

Abstract

A cryptosystem is a collection of algorithms used to securely encrypt or decrypt messages by transforming plaintext to ciphertext. The abbreviation “cryptosystem” stands for “cryptographic system” and designates a computer system that employs cryptography, a technique for securing electronic information so only authorized users may read and process it. Prototype quantum cryptography devices are now securing Internet traffic in the nation’s largest cities. The third and final major development in the evolution of cryptography in the 20th century might be regarded as quantum key distribution i.e. QKD or quantum cryptography. The level of security of the cryptographic scheme depends on the key employed.

A secure message, such as a credit card number or other sensitive information, is sent over the internet using cryptosystems. For instance, a platform for secured electronic mail might incorporate key management procedures, strong cryptographic functions, and digital signature systems. Another use of cryptography may be a secure electronic mail system that uses key management procedures, cryptographic hash functions, and digital signature mechanisms.

The following is a breakdown of the chapter’s structure. The fundamentals of classical cryptography, symmetric and asymmetric encryption are described in Section 14.1 ...