Chapter 1

Knowledge and Wisdom Across Cultures

Chapter Summary

This chapter covers a brief overview of the ancient trails of knowledge through the centers of learning. These trails have become genetic pathways for contemplation over many centuries in Kyoto, Japan; in Nalanda, India; in the Jewish kibotos in Apamea, Phrygia; and in Giza, Egypt. More recently (eighth to thirteenth centuries), astronomy, mathematics, and methodology have been introduced in shrines of learning for the disciples and inmates of these knowledge centers. These seeds of knowledge along the venues of meditation are still based on Aristotle’s notions of universal truisms, beauty and virtue in the minds of saints, gurus, and clergy. In the distant past, these seeds germinated ...

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