Knowledge and intelligence are distinct concepts and, therefore, each requires its own kind of measure. Knowledge questions require someone to recite what he or she has learned or experienced, while intelligence questions call for an individual to perform a task. By definition, knowledge questions require no problem solving or processing of new information, so they are fundamentally incapable of yielding direct measures of a candidate’s intelligence. These distinctions can be more clearly understood by comparing the two types of questions—those that measure knowledge and those that measure intelligence.

An evaluator might ask a candidate the following knowledge question about managing ...

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