4.5. Comparison with Random Effects Models and GEE Estimation
As we saw in chapters 2 and 3, random effects models and GEE estimation are widely used alternatives to fixed effects methods for longitudinal data. Both methods can be applied to count data and are readily available in SAS. The principal attractions of these alternative methods are (1) the ability to estimate effects for time-invariant covariates, and (2) more efficient use of the data (if the assumptions are met). The major disadvantage is that neither method controls for unmeasured time-invariant covariates. I'll briefly describe these methods in this section, both to serve as a point of comparison with the fixed effects methods and because they will be needed for the hybrid method ...
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