“Lost and Unaccounted for” Fluids
The balance between what comes in, what is used by the business, and what goes out is referred to in the pipeline business as the “lost and unaccounted for” (LUAF) or system balance. Ideally, this is managed using the laws of physical science, but they can be a contractual matter. Controlling the system balance is a matter of identifying influences that create differences between inlet measurement and outlet measurement, and either eliminating them or reducing them to acceptable levels. For liquids, many of the factors affecting the uncertainty of liquid measurements in the oil and gas business are covered in detail in the API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS). The factors in gas measurement ...
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