Fog for 5G and IoT

3Socially‐Aware Cooperative D2D and D4D Communications toward Fog Networking

XU CHEN,¹ JUNSHAN ZHANG,¹ and SATYAJAYANT MISRA²

¹ School of ECEE, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA

² Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA

3.1 INTRODUCTION

The past few years have witnessed the explosive growth of the mobile user population and the demands for bandwidth‐eager multimedia content, which poses a significant challenge for wireless networks. The Cisco VNI report predicts that the number of mobile devices will grow from 4 billion in 2014 to 11 billion by 2019, and mobile data traffic is expected to reach 292 exabytes per month by 2019, up from 30 exabytes in 2012 [1]. In addition, according to the recent report from Juniper Research, the number of Internet of things (IoT) connected devices will reach 38.5 billion in 2020, and these devices will produce 10% of all the data generated worldwide. In short, large quantities of data will have to be communicated, stored, and analyzed.

One emerging cost‐effective approach to address such challenges is fog networking and computing, which leverages a multitude of collaborative end‐user clients or near‐user edge devices to carry out a substantial amount of communication and computation to augment tasks and services in a network [2]. Motivated by the principle of fog networking, in this chapter we aim at boosting the network bandwidth by promoting collaborative communications between handheld devices ...