From Conflict to Convergence: Coming Together to Solve Tough Problems

CHAPTER 8Map the Terrain

Understanding the full contours of an issue is the essential first step in collaborative problem-solving. Sometimes this can be quite challenging, especially when an issue feels huge and sprawling—like the question of how to improve the work of prisons and community groups to help people leaving prison succeed once they return home.

In the US, there are currently about 1.2 million people in prison.¹ Every year, about 600,000 people are released from prison and about 4 million people are on parole or probation.² When one also considers the family and friends of those in prison or on parole and probation, there are many millions of people affected by prison policies and programs relating to getting people fully ready for their return. One of the most discouraging aspects of America's criminal justice system is that about 40% of all those released are back in prison within three years. This contributes significantly to the already high rates of incarceration in the US compared to other countries and the attendant costs.

The intention and hope, of course, is that every individual who has served time for a crime will return to be a full member of society—not just law-abiding and productive but healthy and engaged in their community. Researchers on justice issues have found that individuals who have been given strong support for healthcare, education, and social welfare needs are better set up to remain out of prison. Ignoring the supports that are needed ...