Chapter 12
The Influence of Maternal Employment on the Work and Family Expectations of Offspring
The work and family roles of middle-class women in the United States changed dramatically during the late 20th century as women with children, especially young children, continued to enter the workforce in increasing numbers (Barnett & Hyde, 2001; Bond, Galinsky, & Swanberg, 1998). As of 2000, almost 73% of women in the United States with children under age 18 years participated in the labor force (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2000). Not surprisingly then, the influence of maternal employment on children was the original focus of the “work and family” field that emerged in the 1960s, and it ...
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