September 2014
Intermediate to advanced
320 pages
10h 23m
English
Content preview from Functional Programming in ScalaBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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Chapter 1. What is functional programming?
Functional programming (FP) is based on a simple premise with far-reaching implications: we construct our programs using only pure functions—in other words, functions that have no side effects. What are side effects? A function has a side effect if it does something other than simply return a result, for example:
- Modifying a variable
- Modifying a data structure in place
- Setting a field on an object
- Throwing an exception or halting with an error
- Printing to the console or reading user input
- Reading from or writing to a file
- Drawing on the screen
We’ll provide a more precise definition of side effects later in this chapter, but consider what programming would be like without the ability to do ...
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