Fundamentals of 5G Mobile Networks

6Cognitive Radio for 5G Wireless Networks

Olayinka Adigun,¹ Mahdi Pirmoradian² and Christos Politis¹

¹ Kingston University, London, UK

² Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Tehran, Iran

6.1 Introduction

The term ‘5G wireless networks’ refers to the next generation of mobile communication technology beyond what we experience today with legacy 4G. 5G networks will undoubtedly explore unlimited possibilities until an official standard can be tied down by the telecommunications standardisation bodies such as International Telecommunication Union – Radiocommunications (ITU-R), International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [1]. Driven by consumer demand, an astounding 1000x increase in data traffic is expected in this decade. This sets the stage for enabling 5G technology that delivers fast and cost-effective data connectivity, whilst minimising the deployment cost. Despite the success of small cells and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) in 4G systems, there is no single technological advancement that can meet the projected future traffic demand. In fact, today’s technology roadmaps depict different mixes of spectrum (Hertz), spectral efficiency (bits per Hertz per cell), and small cells (cells per km²) as a stepping stone towards meeting this ambitious target. In previous chapters, we have spoken about the densification of small cells and advanced antennas as a means of taking giant strides towards meeting the 5G challenge. ...