Book description
NoneTable of contents
- Cover
- Title Page
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Preface
- Preface to the First Edition
- Acknowledgments
- About the Author
-
CHAPTER 1: An Introduction to Financial Institutions, Instruments, and Markets
- THE ROLE OF AN ECONOMIC SYSTEM
- A COMMAND ECONOMY
- A MARKET ECONOMY
- CLASSIFICATION OF ECONOMIC UNITS
- AN ECONOMY'S RELATIONSHIP WITH THE EXTERNAL WORLD
- THE BALANCE OF TRADE
- THE CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE
- FINANCIAL ASSETS
- MONEY
- MONEY AS A UNIT OF ACCOUNT OR A STANDARD OF VALUE
- MONEY AS A MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE
- MONEY AS A STORE OF VALUE
- MONEY IS PERFECTLY LIQUID
- EQUITY SHARES
- DEBT SECURITIES
- PREFERRED SHARES
- FOREIGN EXCHANGE
- DERIVATIVES
- FORWARD AND FUTURES CONTRACTS
- OPTIONS CONTRACTS
- SWAPS
- MORTGAGES AND MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
- HYBRID SECURITIES
- PRIMARY MARKETS AND SECONDARY MARKETS
- EXCHANGES AND OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) MARKETS
- BROKERS AND DEALERS
- THE NEED FOR BROKERS AND DEALERS
- TRADING POSITIONS
- THE BUY-SIDE AND THE SELL-SIDE
- INVESTMENT BANKERS
- DIRECT AND INDIRECT MARKETS
- MUTUAL FUNDS
- MONEY AND CAPITAL MARKETS
- THE EUROCURRENCY MARKET
- THE INTERNATIONAL BOND MARKET
- GLOBALIZATION OF EQUITY MARKETS
- DUAL LISTING
- FUNGIBILITY
- ARBITRAGE
- ARBITRAGE WITH ADRs
- GDRs
- RISK
- AFTER THE TRADE – CLEARING AND SETTLEMENT
- DEMATERIALIZATION AND THE ROLE OF A DEPOSITORY
- CUSTODIAL SERVICES
- GLOBALIZATION – THE NEW MANTRA
- NOTES
-
CHAPTER 2: Mathematics of Finance
- INTEREST RATES
- THE REAL RATE OF INTEREST
- THE FISHER EQUATION
- SIMPLE INTEREST & COMPOUND INTEREST
- PROPERTIES
- A SYMBOLIC DERIVATION
- PRINCIPLE OF EQUIVALENCY
- CONTINUOUS COMPOUNDING
- FUTURE VALUE
- PRESENT VALUE
- HANDLING A SERIES OF CASH FLOWS
- THE INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN
- EVALUATING AN INVESTMENT
- ANNUITIES: AN INTRODUCTION
- ANNUITY DUE
- PERPETUITIES
- THE AMORTIZATION METHOD
- AMORTIZATION WITH A BALLOON PAYMENT
- THE EQUAL PRINCIPAL REPAYMENT APPROACH
- TYPES OF INTEREST COMPUTATION
- LOANS WITH A COMPENSATING BALANCE
- TIME VALUE OF MONEY–RELATED FUNCTIONS IN EXCEL
- COMPUTING THE PRESENT AND FUTURE VALUES OF ANNUITIES AND ANNUITIES DUE IN EXCEL
- AMORTIZATION SCHEDULES AND EXCEL
- NOTE
-
CHAPTER 3: Equity Shares, Preferred Shares, and Stock Market Indices
- INTRODUCTION
- PAR VALUE VERSUS BOOK VALUE
- ACCOUNTING FOR A STOCK ISSUE
- VOTING RIGHTS
- DIVIDENDS
- TREASURY STOCK
- ACCOUNTING FOR TREASURY STOCK
- SPLITS AND REVERSE SPLITS
- PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS
- INTERPRETING STATED RATIOS
- HANDLING FRACTIONS
- PHYSICAL CERTIFICATES VERSUS BOOK ENTRY
- TRACKING STOCK
- REPORT CARDS
- TYPES OF STOCKS
- RISK AND RETURN AND THE CONCEPT OF DIVERSIFICATION
- PREFERRED SHARES
- DIVIDEND DISCOUNT MODELS
- A GENERAL VALUATION MODEL
- THE CONSTANT GROWTH MODEL
- THE TWO-STAGE MODEL
- THE THREE-STAGE MODEL
- THE H MODEL
- STOCK MARKET INDICES
- PRICE-WEIGHTED INDICES
- THE IMPORTANCE OF PRICE
- VALUE-WEIGHTED INDICES
- CHANGING THE BASE PERIOD CAPITALIZATION
- EQUALLY WEIGHTED INDICES
- TRACKING PORTFOLIOS
- HANDLING A RIGHTS ISSUE
- THE FREE-FLOATING METHODOLOGY
- WELL-KNOWN GLOBAL INDICES
- MARGIN TRADING AND SHORT-SELLING
- TERMINOLOGY
- CASE A: THE MARKET RISES
- CASE B: THE MARKET DECLINES
- CASE A: THE MARKET RISES
- CASE B: THE MARKET DECLINES
- INTEREST AND COMMISSIONS
- CASE A: THE MARKET RISES
- CASE B: THE MARKET DECLINES
- MAINTENANCE MARGIN
- SHORT-SELLING
- MAINTENANCE OF A SHORT POSITION
- SHORTING AGAINST THE BOX
- THE RISK FACTOR
- THE ECONOMIC ROLE OF SHORT SALES
- THE UPTICK RULE
- NOTES
-
CHAPTER 4: Bonds
- INTRODUCTION
- TERMS USED IN THE BOND MARKET
- VALUATION OF A BOND
- PAR, PREMIUM, AND DISCOUNT BONDS
- EVOLUTION OF THE PRICE
- ZERO-COUPON BONDS
- VALUING A BOND IN BETWEEN COUPON DATES
- DAY-COUNT CONVENTIONS
- ACTUAL-ACTUAL
- THE TREASURY'S APPROACH
- CORPORATE BONDS
- ACCRUED INTEREST
- NEGATIVE ACCRUED INTEREST
- YIELDS
- THE CURRENT YIELD
- SIMPLE YIELD TO MATURITY
- YIELD TO MATURITY
- APPROXIMATE YIELD TO MATURITY
- ZERO-COUPON BONDS AND THE YTM
- ANALYZING THE YTM
- THE REALIZED COMPOUND YIELD
- REINVESTMENT AND ZERO-COUPON BONDS
- THE HOLDING PERIOD YIELD
- TAXABLE EQUIVALENT YIELD
- CREDIT RISK
- BOND INSURANCE
- EQUIVALENCE WITH ZERO-COUPON BONDS
- SPOT RATES
- THE COUPON EFFECT
- BOOTSTRAPPING
- FORWARD RATES
- THE YIELD CURVE AND THE TERM STRUCTURE
- SHAPES OF THE TERM STRUCTURE
- THEORIES OF THE TERM STRUCTURE
- THE LIQUIDITY PREMIUM HYPOTHESIS
- THE MONEY SUBSTITUTE HYPOTHESIS
- THE MARKET SEGMENTATION HYPOTHESIS
- THE PREFERRED HABITAT THEORY
- THE SHORT RATE
- FLOATING RATE BONDS
- SIMPLE MARGIN
- BONDS WITH EMBEDDED OPTIONS
- CALLABLE BONDS
- YIELD TO CALL
- PUTABLE BONDS
- CONVERTIBLE BONDS
- USING SHORT RATES TO VALUE BONDS
- PRICE VOLATILITY
- A CONCISE FORMULA
- DURATION AND PRICE VOLATILITY
- PROPERTIES OF DURATION
- DOLLAR DURATION
- CONVEXITY
- A CONCISE FORMULA
- DOLLAR CONVEXITY
- PROPERTIES OF CONVEXITY
- IMMUNIZATION
- TREASURY AUCTIONS
- WHEN ISSUED TRADING
- PRICE QUOTES
- STRIPS
- INFLATION INDEXED BONDS
- COMPUTING PRICE GIVEN YIELD AND VICE VERSA IN EXCEL
- COMPUTING DURATION IN EXCEL
- NOTES
-
CHAPTER 5: Money Markets
- INTRODUCTION
- MARKET SUPERVISION
- THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
- KEY DATES IN THE CASE OF CASH MARKET INSTRUMENTS
- THE MODIFIED FOLLOWING BUSINESS DAY CONVENTION
- THE END/END RULE
- THE INTERBANK MARKET
- TYPES OF LOANS
- LIBOR
- LIBID
- SONIA
- TRANSITIONING FROM LIBOR
- INTEREST COMPUTATION METHODS
- TERM MONEY MARKET DEPOSITS
- MONEY MARKET FORWARD RATES
- FEDERAL FUNDS
- FEDERAL FUNDS VERSUS CLEARINGHOUSE FUNDS
- CORRESPONDENT BANKS: NOSTRO AND VOSTRO ACCOUNTS
- TREASURY BILLS
- REOPENINGS
- YIELDS ON DISCOUNT SECURITIES
- NOTATION
- DISCOUNT RATES AND T-BILL PRICES
- THE BOND EQUIVALENT YIELD (BEY)
- CASE A: TM < 182 DAYS < 182 DAYS
- THE MONEY MARKET YIELD
- CASE B: TM > 182 DAYS
- HOLDING PERIOD RETURN
- VALUE OF AN 01
- CONCEPT OF CARRY
- CONCEPT OF A TAIL
- T-BILL RELATED FUNCTIONS IN EXCEL
- TBILLPRICE
- TBILLYIELD
- TBILLEQ
- DISC
- TREASURY AUCTIONS
- TYPES OF AUCTIONS
- RESULTS OF AN AUCTION
- PRIMARY DEALERS AND OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS
- REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
- REVERSE REPOS
- GENERAL COLLATERAL VERSUS SPECIAL REPOS
- MARGINS
- SALE AND BUYBACK
- COLLATERAL
- REPOS AND OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS
- NEGOTIABLE CDs
- NOTATION
- COST OF A CD FOR THE ISSUING BANK
- TERM CDs
- CDs VERSUS MONEY MARKET TIME DEPOSITS
- COMMERCIAL PAPER
- LETTERS OF CREDIT AND BANK GUARANTEES
- YANKEE PAPER
- CREDIT RATING
- MOODY'S RATING SCALE
- S&P'S RATING SCALE
- FITCH'S RATING SCALE
- BILLS OF EXCHANGE
- DOCUMENTS AGAINST PAYMENT (DAP) VERSUS DOCUMENTS AGAINST ACCEPTANCE (DAA) TRANSACTIONS
- ELIGIBLE AND NONELIGIBLE BANK BILLS
- BUYING AND SELLING BILLS
- BANKERS' ACCEPTANCE
- ACCEPTANCE CREDITS
- EUROCURRENCY DEPOSITS
- APPENDIX
- NOTES
-
CHAPTER 6: Forward and Futures Contracts
- INTRODUCTION
- MARKING TO MARKET FOR A TRADER IN PRACTICE
- DELIVERY OPTIONS
- PROFIT DIAGRAMS
- VALUE AT RISK
- THE EXPECTED SHORTFALL
- SPOT-FUTURES EQUIVALENCE
- PRODUCTS AND EXCHANGES
- CASH-AND-CARRY ARBITRAGE
- REVERSE CASH-AND-CARRY ARBITRAGE
- REPO AND REVERSE REPO RATES
- SYNTHETIC SECURITIES
- VALUATION
- THE CASE OF ASSETS MAKING PAYOUTS
- PHYSICAL ASSETS
- NET CARRY
- BACKWARDATION AND CONTANGO
- THE CASE OF MULTIPLE DELIVERABLE GRADES
- RISK ARBITRAGE
- THE CASE OF MULTIPLICATIVE ADJUSTMENT
- THE CASE OF ADDITIVE ADJUSTMENT
- TRADING VOLUME AND OPEN INTEREST
- DELIVERY
- CASH SETTLEMENT
- HEDGING AND SPECULATION
- ROLLING A HEDGE
- TAILING A HEDGE
- THE MINIMUM VARIANCE HEDGE RATIO
- ESTIMATION OF THE HEDGE RATIO AND THE HEDGING EFFECTIVENESS
- CROSS-HEDGING
- SPECULATION
- LEVERAGE
- CONTRACT VALUE
- FORWARD VERSUS FUTURES PRICES
- HEDGING THE RATE OF RETURN ON A STOCK PORTFOLIO
- CHANGING THE BETA
- PROGRAM TRADING
- STOCK PICKING
- PORTFOLIO INSURANCE
- IMPORTANCE OF FUTURES
- NOTES
-
CHAPTER 7: Options Contracts
- INTRODUCTION
- NOTATION
- EXERCISING OPTIONS
- MONEYNESS
- EXCHANGE-TRADED OPTIONS
- OPTION CLASS AND OPTION SERIES
- FLEX OPTIONS
- CONTRACT ASSIGNMENT
- ADJUSTING FOR CORPORATE ACTIONS
- NONNEGATIVE OPTION PREMIA
- INTRINSIC VALUE AND TIME VALUE
- TIME VALUE OF AMERICAN OPTIONS
- TIME VALUE AT EXPIRATION
- PUT-CALL PARITY
- IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TIME VALUE
- PUT-CALL PARITY WITH DIVIDENDS
- IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TIME VALUE
- A VERY IMPORTANT PROPERTY FOR AMERICAN CALLS
- EARLY EXERCISE OF OPTIONS: AN ANALYSIS
- PROFIT PROFILES
- SPECULATION WITH OPTIONS
- HEDGING WITH OPTIONS
- VALUATION
- THE BINOMIAL OPTION PRICING MODEL
- THE TWO-PERIOD MODEL
- VALUATION OF EUROPEAN PUT OPTIONS
- VALUING AMERICAN OPTIONS
- IMPLEMENTING THE BINOMIAL MODEL IN PRACTICE
- THE BLACK-SCHOLES MODEL
- PUT-CALL PARITY
- INTERPRETATION OF THE BLACK-SCHOLES FORMULA
- THE GREEKS
- OPTION STRATEGIES
- FUTURES OPTIONS
- PUT-CALL PARITY
- THE BLACK MODEL
- NOTES
-
CHAPTER 8: Foreign Exchange
- INTRODUCTION
- CURRENCY CODES
- BASE AND VARIABLE CURRENCIES
- DIRECT AND INDIRECT QUOTES
- EUROPEAN TERMS AND AMERICAN TERMS
- BID AND ASK QUOTES
- APPRECIATING AND DEPRECIATING CURRENCIES
- CONVERTING DIRECT QUOTES TO INDIRECT QUOTES
- POINTS
- RATES OF RETURN
- THE IMPACT OF SPREADS ON RETURNS
- ARBITRAGE IN SPOT MARKETS
- ONE-POINT ARBITRAGE
- TWO-POINT ARBITRAGE
- TRIANGULAR ARBITRAGE
- CROSS RATES
- MARKET RATES AND EXCHANGE MARGINS
- VALUE DATES
- THE FORWARD MARKET
- OUTRIGHT FORWARD RATES
- SWAP POINTS
- BROKEN-DATED CONTRACTS
- COVERED INTEREST ARBITRAGE
- A PERFECT MARKET
- FOREIGN EXCHANGE SWAPS
- THE COST
- THE MOTIVE
- INTERPRETATION OF THE SWAP POINTS
- A CLARIFICATION
- SHORT-DATE CONTRACTS
- OPTION FORWARDS
- NONDELIVERABLE FORWARDS
- RANGE FORWARDS
- FUTURES MARKETS
- HEDGING USING CURRENCY FUTURES
- A SELLING HEDGE
- A BUYING HEDGE
- EXCHANGE-TRADED FOREIGN CURRENCY OPTIONS
- SPECULATING WITH FOREX OPTIONS
- EXCHANGE RATES AND COMPETITIVENESS
- NOTES
- CHAPTER 9: Mortgages and Mortgage-backed Securities
-
CHAPTER 10: Swaps
- INTRODUCTION
- MARKET TERMINOLOGY
- KEY DATES
- INHERENT RISK
- THE SWAP RATE
- ILLUSTRATIVE SWAP RATES
- DETERMINING THE SWAP RATE
- THE MARKET METHOD
- VALUATION OF A SWAP DURING ITS LIFE
- TERMINATING A SWAP
- THE ROLE OF BANKS IN THE SWAP MARKET
- MOTIVATION FOR THE SWAP
- COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE AND CREDIT ARBITRAGE
- SWAP QUOTATIONS
- MATCHED PAYMENTS
- AMORTIZING SWAPS
- EXTENDABLE AND CANCELABLE SWAPS
- SWAPTIONS
- CURRENCY SWAPS
- CROSS-CURRENCY SWAPS
- VALUATION
- CURRENCY RISKS
- HEDGING WITH CURRENCY SWAPS
- NOTES
-
CHAPTER 11: Mutual Funds, ETFs, and Pension Funds
- INTRODUCTION
- PROS AND CONS OF INVESTING IN A FUND
- SHARES AND UNITS
- OPEN-END VERSUS CLOSED-END FUNDS
- PREMIUM/DISCOUNT OF A CLOSED-END FUND
- UNIT TRUSTS
- CALCULATING THE NAV
- COSTS
- SALES CHARGES
- PRICE QUOTES
- ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENSES
- SWITCHING FEES
- DIVIDEND OPTIONS
- TYPES OF MUTUAL FUNDS
- MONEY MARKET FUNDS
- GILT FUNDS
- DEBT FUNDS
- DIVERSIFIED DEBT FUNDS
- FOCUSED DEBT FUNDS
- HIGH YIELD DEBT FUNDS
- DEBT FUNDS AND BOND DURATION
- EQUITY FUNDS
- AGGRESSIVE GROWTH FUNDS
- GROWTH FUNDS
- SPECIALTY FUNDS
- SECTOR FUNDS
- OFFSHORE FUNDS
- SMALL CAP EQUITY FUNDS
- OPTION INCOME FUNDS
- FUND OF FUNDS
- EQUITY INDEX FUNDS
- VALUE FUNDS
- EQUITY INCOME FUNDS
- BALANCED FUNDS
- ASSET-ALLOCATION FUNDS
- COMMODITY FUNDS
- REAL ESTATE FUNDS
- TAX-EXEMPT FUNDS
- RISK CATEGORIES
- THE PROSPECTUS
- STRUCTURE OF A MUTUAL FUND
- SERVICES
- INVESTMENT TECHNIQUES
- THE TOTAL RETURN
- COMPUTATION OF RETURNS
- TAXATION ISSUES
- ALTERNATIVES TO MUTUAL FUNDS
- TYPES OF PLANS
- IRAs
- CASH BALANCE PLANS
- NOTE
-
CHAPTER 12: Orders and Exchanges
- IMPORTANT ACRONYMS
- MARKET ORDERS AND LIMIT ORDERS
- THE LIMIT PRICE
- THE LIMIT ORDER BOOKS
- ILLUSTRATION OF A LIMIT ORDER BOOK
- LIMIT ORDERS VERSUS MARKET ORDERS
- MARKETABLE LIMIT ORDERS
- TRADE PRICING RULES
- STOP-LOSS AND STOP-LIMIT ORDERS
- TRAILING STOP-LOSS ORDERS
- MARKET TO LIMIT ORDERS
- EQUIVALENCE WITH OPTIONS
- VALIDITY CONDITIONS
- GOOD TILL CANCELED (GTC) ORDERS
- GOOD TILL DAYS ORDERS
- ORDERS WITH QUANTITY RESTRICTIONS
- A POINT ON ORDER SPECIFICATION
- OPEN-OUTCRY TRADING SYSTEMS
- ELECTRONIC MARKETS VERSUS OPEN-OUTCRY MARKETS
- CALL MARKETS
- NOTES
-
CHAPTER 13: The Macroeconomics of Financial Markets
- ECONOMIC GROWTH
- GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
- GDP VERSUS GNP
- INFLATION ADJUSTMENT
- TRANSNATIONAL COMPARISONS
- THE BIG MAC INDEX
- INFLATION
- TYPES OF INFLATION
- INTEREST RATES
- THE FEDERAL BUDGET DEFICIT
- MEASURES OF BUDGET DEFICITS
- THE PRIMARY DEFICIT
- FISCAL POLICY
- BUDGET DEFICITS AND THE CAPITAL MARKET
- THE ROLE OF THE CENTRAL BANK
- BUDGET DEFICITS AND MONETARY POLICY
- CROSS-BORDER BORROWING
- CENTRAL BANKS AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS
- STERILIZED AND UNSTERILIZED INTERVENTIONS
- EXCHANGE RATES
- ISSUES WITH A RESERVE CURRENCY
- CROSS-BORDER IMPLICATIONS OF CENTRAL BANK ACTIONS
- QUANTITATIVE EASING
- QUANTITATIVE EASING VERSUS OPEN-MARKET OPERATIONS
-
CHAPTER 14: Interest Rate Derivatives
- FORWARD RATE AGREEMENTS (FRAs)
- SETTLING AN FRA
- DETERMINING BOUNDS FOR THE FRA RATE
- EURODOLLAR FUTURES
- CALCULATING PROFITS AND LOSSES ON ED FUTURES
- LOCKING IN A BORROWING RATE
- LOCKING IN A LENDING RATE
- THE NO-ARBITRAGE PRICING EQUATION
- CREATING A FIXED-RATE LOAN
- 30-YEAR T-BOND FUTURES CONTRACTS
- CONVERSION FACTORS
- INTEREST RATE OPTIONS
- STATE PRICES
- CALLABLE AND PUTABLE BONDS
- CAPS, FLOORS, AND COLLARS
- CAPTIONS AND FLOORTIONS
- NOTES
- Sources and References
- Index
- End User License Agreement
Product information
- Title: Fundamentals of Financial Instruments, 2nd Edition
- Author(s):
- Release date:
- Publisher(s): Wiley
- ISBN: None
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