Fundamentals of Industrial Electronics

12

Physical Phenomena Used in Sensors

Tiantian Xie

Auburn University

Bogdan M. Wilamowski

Auburn University

12.1    Introduction

12.2    Piezoresistive Effect

12.3    Thermoelectric Effect

12.4    Piezoelectric Effect

12.5    Pyroelectric Effect

12.6    Photoelectric Effect in Semiconductors

12.7    Photoelectric Effect in p-n Junctions

12.8    Temperature Effect in p-n Junctions

12.9    Hall Effect

12.10  Conclusion

References

12.1    Introduction

A sensor is used to transform a nonelectrical stimulation to an electrical response that is suitable to be processed by electrical circuits [W91]. Sensors are related with everyday life, such as automobiles, airplanes, radios, and countless other applications [BR90,RPSW01]. Several transformation steps ...