© The Author(s), under exclusive license to APress Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023
T. TaulliGenerative AIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-9367-6_5

5. Large Language Models

How Generative AI Understands Language
Tom Taulli1  
(1)
Monrovia, CA, USA
 

In December 2015, a group of tech veterans – including Elon Musk, Reid Hoffman, Peter Thiel, and Sam Altman – founded OpenAI. They pledged over $1 billion for the venture.

But this was not a typical Silicon Valley startup. OpenAI was set up as a nonprofit organization, and the vision was “to ensure that artificial general intelligence benefits all of humanity.”1 Artificial general intelligence or AGI is the holy grail of AI. It’s where a machine has human-level cognitive capabilities.

Here’s how OpenAI ...

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