Genome Engineering for Crop Improvement

17Genome Editing for Biofortification of Rice: Current Implications and Future Aspects

Suchismita Roy¹ and Praveen Soni²

¹ Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

² Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

CHAPTER MENU

• 17.1 Introduction
• 17.2 Genome Editing and its Tools
  • 17.2.1 ZFNs
  • 17.2.2 TALENs
  • 17.2.3 CRISPR/Cas9 System
  • 17.2.4 CRISPR/Cpf1 System
  • 17.2.5 Base Editors
• 17.3 Genome Editing for Biofortification of Rice
  • 17.3.1 Increase in Carbohydrate Content
  • 17.3.2 Increase in Glutinous Content
  • 17.3.3 Increase in Oleic Acid Content
  • 17.3.4 Decrease in Heavy Metal Content
  • 17.3.5 Increase in Carotenoid Content and Pigmentation in Seeds
• 17.4 Genome Editing for Improvement of Agronomic Traits in Rice
  • 17.4.1 Increase in Rice Harvest Properties
  • 17.4.2 Induction of Male Sterility and Shortening of Flowering Period
  • 17.4.3 Improvement of Traits for Economic Purposes
• 17.5 Conclusion and Future Aspects

17.1 Introduction

Oryza sativa L. is the main crop of the world with the production of more than seven billion tonnes currently only in Asia, followed by other continents like America and Africa. However, due to harsh environmental constraints such as dry weather conditions, saline soils, extremely high or low temperatures, rice production is facing detrimental losses. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has anticipated a rise in agricultural demands with an increment ...