Chapter 10
3-D Geometry
IN THIS CHAPTER
Flat-top solids: The prism and the cylinder
Pointy-top solids: The pyramid and the cone
Top-less solids: Spheres
In this chapter, you study cones, spheres, prisms, and other solids of varying shapes, focusing on their two most fundamental characteristics, namely volume and surface area.
Flat-Top Figures
Flat-top figures (that’s what I call them, anyway) are solids with two congruent, parallel bases (the top and bottom). A prism — your standard cereal box is one example — has polygon-shaped bases, and a cylinder — like your standard soup can — has round bases. See Figure 10-1. But despite the different shape of their bases, the same volume and surface area formulas work for both of them because they share the flat-top structure.
- Prism: A prism is a solid figure with two congruent, parallel, polygonal bases. Its corners are called vertices, the segments that connect the vertices are called edges, and the flat sides are called faces.
- Cylinder: A cylinder is a solid figure with two congruent, parallel bases that have rounded sides (in other words, the bases are not straight-sided polygons); these bases are connected by a rounded surface. ...
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