CHAPTER 18

Elementary Science Teaching

Ken Appleton

Central Queensland University, Australia

This chapter is about research related to the teaching of science in the elementary school, that is, to students from 5 to 12 years of age. This age range covers grades 1 to 6 or 7 in most education systems. In some countries, particularly those with an English (UK) heritage, this level of schooling is called primary school; and to complicate things further, the term middle school is used for students aged 10 to 15 years in a number of education systems. For consistency, in this chapter I use the term elementary school for grades 1 to 7.

In many countries science in the elementary school is a relatively recent addition to the curriculum, in most instances ...

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