An immediately-invoked function expression (IIFE) is a design pattern that produces a lexical scope using function scoping. IIFE can be used to avoid variable hoisting from within blocks or to prevent us from polluting the global scope, for example:
let bar = 0; // global(function() { let foo: number = 0; // In scope of this function bar = 1; // Access global scope console.log(bar); // 1 console.log(foo); // 0})();console.log(bar); // 1console.log(foo); // Error
In the preceding example, we have wrapped the declaration of a variable (foo) with an IIFE. The foo variable is scoped to the IIFE function and is not available in the global scope, which explains the error when trying to access it on the last line.
