In the 1950s, Alan Turing wrote an article called Computing machinery and intelligence, in which the problem was about establishing a criterion for determining whether a machine can think. The criterion is based on The imitation game, in which there is a computer A, a human B, and another human C (the interrogator). Human C must establish who is A and who is B. The interrogator asks both of them questions, to which A and B respond in writing. Computer A wins the game when C mistakes in judging A's identity, believing it to be human. The following diagram shows an imitation game scheme:
Turing's game—despite numerous criticisms ...
