Heat and Mass Transfer, 2nd Edition

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Basic Modes of Heat Transfer

1.1 HEAT

Heat is the thermal energy that flows when a temperature difference exists. Heat flows freely from high temperature source to low temperature source. However, heat cannot, by itself, flow from low temperature source to high temperature source. The knowledge of heat transfer is essential for the design, construction, and operation of heat exchanging devices in power generation, propulsion, metallurgical and chemical processing, and refrigeration and air conditioning fields to know the amount and rate of heat transfer.

1.2 TEMPERATURE

Temperature is a property that measures the level of heat in a medium. Temperature standards have been continuously revised over several centuries. The International Practical ...