Highly Efficient OLEDs

Highly Efficient OLEDs

by Hartmut Yersin
Released January 2019
Publisher(s): Wiley-VCH
ISBN: 9783527339006

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Book description

The essential resource that offers a comprehensive understanding of OLED optimizations

Highly Efficient OLEDs. Materials Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) offers substantial information on the working principle of OLEDs and on new types of emitting materials (organic and inorganic). As the authors explain, OLEDs that use the Singlet-Harvesting mechanism based on the molecular property of TADF work according to a new exciton harvesting principle. Thus, low-cost emitter materials, such as Cu(I) or Ag(I) complexes as well as metal-free organic molecules, have the potential to replace high-cost rare metal complexes being currently applied in OLED technology.

With contributions from an international panel of experts on the topic, the text shows how the application of new TADF materials allow for the development of efficient OLED displays and lighting systems. This new mechanism is the gateway to the third-generation of luminescent materials. This important resource:

  • Offers a state-of-the-art compilation of the latest results in the dynamically developing field of OLED materials
  • Is edited by a pioneer in the field of OLED material technology
  • Contains a detailed application-oriented guide to new low-cost materials for displays and lighting
  • Puts the focus on the emerging fields of OLED technology

Written for materials scientists, solid state chemists, solid state physicists, and electronics engineers, Highly Efficient OLEDs. Materials Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence offers a comprehensive resource to the latest advances of OLEDs based on new TADF materials.

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Preface
  3. Chapter 1: TADF Material Design: Photophysical Background and Case Studies Focusing on Cu(I) and Ag(I) Complexesa
    1. 1.1 Introduction
    2. 1.2 TADF, Molecular Parameters, and Diversity of Materials
    3. 1.3 Case Study: TADF of a Cu(I) Complex with Large ΔE(S1–T1)
    4. 1.4 Case Study: TADF of a Cu(I) Complex with Small ΔE(S1–T1)
    5. 1.5 Energy Separation ΔE(S1–T1) and S1 → S0 Fluorescence Rate
    6. 1.6 Design Strategies for Highly Efficient Ag(I)‐Based TADF Compounds
    7. 1.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
    8. Acknowledgments
    9. References
  4. Chapter 2: Highly Emissive d10 Metal Complexes as TADF Emitters with Versatile Structures and Photophysical Properties
    1. 2.1 Introduction
    2. 2.2 Phosphorescence and TADF Mechanisms [50, 51]
    3. 2.3 Structure‐Dependent Photophysical Properties of Four‐Coordinate [Cu(N^N)2] Complexes
    4. 2.4 Flattening Distortion Dynamics of the MLCT Excited State
    5. 2.5 Green and Blue Emitters: [Cu(N^N)(P^P)] and [Cu(N^N)(P^X)]
    6. 2.6 Three‐Coordinate Cu(I) Complexes
    7. 2.7 Dinuclear Cu(I) Complexes
    8. 2.8 Ag(I), Au(I), Pt(0), and Pd(0) Complexes
    9. 2.9 Summary
    10. References
  5. Chapter 3: Luminescent Dinuclear Copper(I) Complexes with Short Intramolecular Cu–Cu Distances
    1. 3.1 Introduction
    2. 3.2 Overview of Luminescent Dinuclear Copper(I) Complexes
    3. 3.3 Structural and Photophysical Studies of the Dinuclear Copper(I) Complexes: [Cu(µ‐C∧N)]2 (C∧N = 2‐(bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl)pyridine Derivatives)
    4. 3.4 Conclusion
    5. Acknowledgment
    6. References
  6. Chapter 4: Molecular Design and Synthesis of Metal Complexes as Emitters for TADF‐Type OLEDs
    1. 4.1 Introduction
    2. 4.2 Cu(I) Complexes for OLEDs
    3. 4.3 Mononuclear Cu(I) Complexes for OLEDs
    4. 4.4 Dinuclear Cu(I) Complexes for OLEDs
    5. 4.5 Another Group of Metal Complexes Exhibiting TADF
    6. 4.6 Conclusion
    7. Acknowledgments
    8. Appendix
    9. References
  7. Chapter 5: Ionic [Cu(NN)(PP)]+ TAD9727 F Complexes with Pyridine‐based Diimine Chelating Ligands and Their Use in OLEDs
    1. 5.1 Introduction
    2. 5.2 The Influence of Molecular and Electronic Structure on Emissive Properties of Cu(I) Complexes
    3. 5.3 Heteroleptic Diimine/Diphosphine [Cu(NN)(PP)] Complexes with Pyridine‐Based Ligand
    4. 5.4 Conclusion and Perspective
    5. References
  8. Chapter 6: Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Exhibiting Delayed Fluorescence and Nonisotropic Emitter Orientation
    1. 6.1 Introduction
    2. 6.2 OLED Basics
    3. 6.3 Comprehensive Efficiency Analysis of OLEDs
    4. 6.4 Case Studies
    5. 6.5 Conclusion
    6. Acknowledgments
    7. References
  9. Chapter 7: TADF Kinetics and Data Analysis in Photoluminescence and in Electroluminescence
    1. 7.1 TADF Kinetics
    2. 7.2 TADF Data Analysis
    3. 7.3 Conclusion
    4. Acknowledgment
    5. References
  10. Chapter 8: Intersystem Crossing Processes in TADF Emitters
    1. 8.1 Introduction
    2. 8.2 Intersystem Crossing Rate Constants
    3. 8.3 Excitation Energies and Radiative Rate Constants
    4. 8.4 Case Studies
    5. 8.5 Outlook and Concluding Remarks
    6. References
  11. Chapter 9: The Role of Vibronic Coupling for Intersystem Crossing and Reverse Intersystem Crossing Rates in TADF Molecules
    1. 9.1 Introduction
    2. 9.2 Beyond a Static Description
    3. 9.3 Case Studies
    4. 9.4 Conclusions and Outlook
    5. References
  12. Chapter 10: Exciplex: Its Nature and Application to OLEDs
    1. 10.1 Introduction
    2. 10.2 Formation and Electronic Structures of Exciplexes
    3. 10.3 Optical Properties of Exciplexes
    4. 10.4 Decay Processes of the Exciplex in Solution
    5. 10.5 Exciplexes in Organic Solid Films
    6. 10.6 OLEDs Using Exciplexes
    7. 10.7 Summary and Outlook
    8. Appendix
    9. References
  13. Chapter 11: Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials Based on Donor–Acceptor Molecular Systems
    1. 11.1 Introduction
    2. 11.2 TADF OLEDs
    3. 11.3 Basic Considerations in Molecular Design of TADF Molecules
    4. 11.4 Typical Donor–Acceptor Molecular Systems with High TADF Performance
    5. 11.5 Organoboron‐based TADF Molecules
    6. 11.6 TADF Polymers
    7. 11.7 Intermolecular D–A System for TADF Emission
    8. 11.8 Summary and Outlook
    9. References
  14. Chapter 12: Photophysics of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
    1. 12.1 Introduction
    2. 12.2 Comments on the Techniques Used in Our Studies
    3. 12.3 Basic Absorption and Emission Properties
    4. 12.4 Phosphorescence and Triplet State Measurements
    5. 12.5 Characteristics of the Delayed Fluorescence
    6. 12.6 Understanding Which Excited States are Involved
    7. 12.7 Excited‐state Properties
    8. 12.8 Dynamical Processes
    9. 12.9 Emitter–host Interactions
    10. 12.10 Energy Diagram for TADF
    11. 12.11 Final Comments
    12. Acknowledgments
    13. References
  15. Chapter 13: Thioxanthone (TX) Derivatives and Their Application in Organic Light‐emitting Diodes
    1. 13.1 Organic Light‐emitting Diodes
    2. 13.2 Pure Organic TADF Materials in OLEDs
    3. 13.3 TX Derivatives for OLED
    4. 13.4 Concluding Remarks and Outlook
    5. Acknowledgments
    6. References
  16. Chapter 14: Solution‐Processed TADF Materials and Devices Based on Organic Emitters
    1. 14.1 Introduction
    2. 14.2 Summary and Outlook
    3. References
  17. Chapter 15: Status and Next Steps of TADF Technology: An Industrial Perspective
    1. 15.1 What Does the Market Want?
    2. 15.2 Mastering Blue OLEDs with TADF Technology
    3. 15.3 An Alternative Approach: TADF Emitters as (Co) Hosts
    4. 15.4 Outlook: What to Expect from TADF Technology in the Future
    5. References
  18. Index
  19. End User License Agreement

Product information

  • Title: Highly Efficient OLEDs
  • Author(s): Hartmut Yersin
  • Release date: January 2019
  • Publisher(s): Wiley-VCH
  • ISBN: 9783527339006