CHAPTER 21CYBERSECURITYProtecting Cyberspace and Digital Technology

The next Pearl Harbor we confront could very well be a cyberattack that cripples our power systems, our grid, our security systems, our financial systems, our governmental systems…

Leon Panetta, shortly before becoming Secretary of Defense, 2011

CHAPTER OVERVIEW

The “next Pearl Harbor” has become something of a cliché, used over the years to describe a myriad of security threats. In some ways the phrase may also exaggerate the cybersecurity challenge, since most experts discount a near-term attack claiming thousands of lives in a matter of minutes. But in two important regards the analogy may actually underplay the seriousness of cyberattacks. First, unlike the terrible but localized ...

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